Agriculture MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Agriculture - Download Free PDF

Key Points

• The Haryana Government is establishing a world-class International Apple Market in Pinjore, which is situated in the Panchkula district, to bolster the state's role as a major horticultural hub.
• The project is being developed by the Haryana State Agricultural Marketing Board (HSAMB) over an area of approximately 78 acres, involving an estimated investment of over 200 crore rupees.
• Strategically located on the National Highway-5, this market is designed to serve as a primary transit and trading point for apple growers from Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir.
• One of the primary objectives of the Pinjore Apple Mandi is to provide an alternative to the Azadpur Mandi in Delhi, thereby reducing transportation costs and transit time for farmers and traders.
• The facility is equipped with modern infrastructure, including Controlled Atmosphere (CA) stores, sorting and grading units, and electronic auction platforms to ensure fair pricing.

 Additional Information

• Pinjore:
  • Known for the historic Yadavindra Gardens, it serves as a gateway to the Shivalik Hills.
  • It holds historical significance as it is believed to be a site where the Pandavas stayed during their exile.
• Morni Hills:
  • The only hill station in Haryana, located in the Panchkula district, featuring Tikkar Taal lakes.
  • It is a center for eco-tourism and home to the Vulture Conservation and Breeding Centre.
• Kalka:
  • A major railway junction and the starting point of the Kalka-Shimla Railway, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
  • It houses the ancient Kali Mata Temple, attracting thousands of devotees annually.

Key Points

• Launched by ITC Limited in June 2000, the e-Choupal initiative is a pioneering Information Technology platform designed to tackle the fragmented and inefficient rural supply chain in India.
• The core objective of the model is to remove the traditional intermediaries (known as agents or mandis) who historically controlled market information and captured a significant portion of the value, often at the expense of the marginal farmers.
• By establishing internet-enabled kiosks in villages, the initiative provides farmers with real-time access to global commodity prices, local weather reports, and best farming practices, enabling them to make informed decisions.
• The model facilitates a direct procurement system where ITC buys crops like soybean, wheat, coffee, and pulses directly from the source, leading to lower transaction costs and higher profit margins for the producers.
• This digital transformation of the rural economy helps in creating a more transparent and efficient marketplace, bridging the information gap between rural India and the global agricultural market.

 Additional Information

• Operational Framework:
  • The system is localized through a Sanchalak, a trained lead farmer from the community who operates the computer and assists other farmers in accessing data.
  • It serves as a reverse supply chain where ITC not only procures farm produce but also distributes quality inputs like certified seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides.
  • The project has expanded to states like Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Karnataka, and Uttar Pradesh, impacting millions of farmers across thousands of villages.
  • Beyond agriculture, the kiosks provide e-commerce services, insurance, and educational resources, fostering holistic rural development.

The correct answer is Credit.

Key Points

• The growth of the rural economy is fundamentally dependent on the timely infusion of capital. This infusion of capital, which allows farmers and rural entrepreneurs to invest in productive assets, is known as Credit.
• In the agriculture sector, there is a significant gestation period (time lag) between the sowing of crops and the realization of income after the harvest. This period creates a need for short-term and long-term credit to meet expenses for seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and other familial requirements.
• Rural credit is classified based on tenure: Short-term credit (up to 15 months) for seasonal needs, Medium-term credit (15 months to 5 years) for purchasing cattle or pumping sets, and Long-term credit (above 5 years) for buying additional land or expensive machinery.
• In the non-agriculture sector, credit is essential for the development of small-scale industries, village crafts, and self-employment activities, which help in diversifying the rural income base and reducing the burden on land.
• The Institutional Credit System in India comprises Cooperative Credit Societies, Regional Rural Banks (RRBs), Commercial Banks, and Self-Help Groups (SHGs).

Additional Information

• Tax:
  • A Tax is a compulsory financial charge or levy imposed by the government on an individual or an entity to fund various public expenditures.
  • In the context of the rural economy, taxes are generally a leakage from the circular flow of income rather than an infusion of capital for productivity.
• Profit:
  • Profit is the financial benefit realized when the revenue generated from a business activity exceeds the expenses, costs, and taxes involved in sustaining the activity.
  • While profit can be reinvested into the farm or business, the initial infusion of capital needed to start or expand production before profits are made is called Credit.
• Subsidy:
  • A Subsidy is a form of financial assistance or support extended by the government to a specific sector (like agriculture) to promote economic and social policy.
  • Common examples include fertilizer subsidies, power subsidies, and interest subvention. While it reduces the cost of production, it is distinct from Credit, which is a loan that usually needs to be repaid.
• NABARD:
  • The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) was established on 12 July 1982.
  • It serves as the apex regulatory body for the overall regulation and licensing of regional rural banks and apex cooperative banks in India. It coordinates the rural financing system to ensure that Credit reaches the grassroots level efficiently.
• Kisan Credit Card (KCC):
  • Launched in 1998, the KCC scheme aims at providing adequate and timely Credit support from the banking system under a single window to the farmers for their cultivation and other needs.

Key Points

• The state of Odisha was honored with the Best State in Agriculture award at the 16th Agriculture Leadership Conclave in July 2025 for its pioneering efforts in Agricultural Innovation and Policy Implementation.
• The award recognizes the state's significant achievements in Crop Diversification and its commitment to providing Financial Security to farmers through the procurement of 14 crops at the Minimum Support Price (MSP).
• The Agriculture Leadership Conclave is an annual event organized by the Agriculture Today Group, which serves as a vital platform for Policymakers, Industry Leaders, and Agricultural Scientists to discuss the advancement of the Primary Sector.
• Haryana has been a leader in Water Conservation, particularly through its flagship scheme Mera Pani - Meri Virasat, which incentivizes farmers to switch from water-consuming Paddy to alternative crops like Maize and Pulses.
• The state has also focused on Digital Transformation in farming by effectively using the Meri Fasal-Mera Byora portal, ensuring transparent procurement and Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) to the farmers' bank accounts.

Additional Information

• Agriculture Leadership Awards:
  • These awards were established in 2008 to celebrate excellence and leadership in the field of Agriculture and Rural Development.
  • They acknowledge the efforts of State Governments, Corporate Houses, and Individual Farmers who bring about transformative changes in Food Security and Sustainability.
• Crop Diversification Initiatives:
  • In Haryana, farmers receive an incentive of 7,000 rupees per acre for diversifying from Paddy to other crops, which helps in maintaining the Groundwater Level.
  • The state has successfully brought over 1 lakh hectares of land under diversification, focusing on high-value and low-water-consuming crops.
• Water Management and Micro-Irrigation:
  • Haryana provides up to 85 percent subsidy for Micro-Irrigation systems like Drip and Sprinkler irrigation to tackle the challenge of declining water tables.
  • The state has integrated the Atal Bhujal Yojana to improve Groundwater Management through community participation and demand-side interventions.
• Livestock and Animal Husbandry:
  • The state is globally renowned for the Murrah breed of buffalo, often called Black Gold, which contributes significantly to Haryana’s high per capita milk availability.
  • The government has established specialized Livestock Insurance schemes and Veterinary Services to support the Rural Economy.

Important Points

• Horticulture Excellence: Haryana has set up several Centres of Excellence in collaboration with countries like Israel to promote advanced techniques in Vegetable and Fruit production.
• Soil Health Management: The state has distributed millions of Soil Health Cards to farmers, enabling them to use Fertilizers and Nutrients judiciously based on scientific data.
• National Contribution: Despite its small geographical size, Haryana remains one of the largest contributors to the Central Pool of Wheat and Rice, playing a crucial role in India’s Food Security.

The correct answer is Yaya Lake.

In News

• Lieutenant Governor of UT Ladakh, Shri Vinai Kumar Saxena, recently inaugurated a 2.10 km long irrigation canal from Mahey Tokpo to Raldho in Changthang district.
• The initiative also included a large-scale plantation drive of 15,000 trees in the canal's surroundings.

Key Points

• The newly constructed Mahe canal receives its water from the nearby Yaya Lake.
• This water source is crucial for providing a systematic and reliable irrigation facility for agricultural cultivation in the Mahey area.
• By drawing water from Yaya Lake, the canal caters to a command area of nearly 100 acres, successfully addressing the prolonged water shortage challenge faced by farmers during peak cultivation periods.
• Therefore, Yaya Lake is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• The canal is a remarkable engineering marvel built at a high altitude of over 14,000 feet.
• Construction originally began in the year 2022-23, but due to administrative hurdles, only 1250 meters were completed initially.
• Following the intervention of LG Vinai Kumar Saxena, the remaining 850-meter construction work was expedited and completed in just two months.
• The finalized irrigation canal has a total length of 2.10 km, with a uniform width and depth of 2 feet each.

Important Points

• A plantation drive of 15,000 trees was organised alongside the inauguration by Drukpa Thuksey Rinpoche.
• The plantation effort aims to contribute towards soil conservation, slope stabilisation, improvement of local green cover, and long-term ecological sustainability in the region.

The correct answer is Horticulture and Honey.

Key Points

• The Golden Revolution is related to Horticulture and Honey.
• It started in 1991 and lasted till 2003.
• Father of Golden Revolution: Nirpakh Tutaj.
• The Golden Fibre Revolution is related to Jute Production.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Grey.

• Grey colour is associated with the revolution in fertilisers.

Key Points

Agriculture Revolutions in India and their respective Colours:

Option 4 is correct, i.e. Assam.

• Muga silk is the product of the silkworm Antheraea assamensis and is mostly grown in Assam. The larvae of these moths feed on som and sualu leaves. Assam is the largest producer of this golden-colored silk in not just India but the entire world.
• Assam is famous for its Muga variety of silk. It is registered as a Geographical Indication for Assam.
• Know about Assam:
  • Capital: Dispur
  • Languages: Assamese, Bodo, Bengali
  • Major Rivers: Subansiri, Dihang, Brahmaputra.
  • Geographical Indications: Muga Silk, Tezpur Litchi, Boka Chaul (Oryza sativa), Gamosa, Chokuwa.
  • World Heritage Sites: Kaziranga National Park on the bank of the Brahmaputra, Manas Wildlife Sanctuary near the border with Bhutan.

The correct answer is 1968.

Key Points

Green Revolution in India:

• The term green revolution was first used by William Gaud and Norman Borlaug is the Father of the Green Revolution.
• After Independence, Indian policy-makers adopted all measures to achieve self-sufficiency in food grains.
• In the year 1965, the government of India launched the Green Revolution with the help of a geneticist, now known as the father of the Green revolution (India) M.S. Swaminathan.
• The movement of the green revolution was a great success and changed the country’s status from a food-deficient economy to one of the world’s leading agricultural nations.
• It started in 1967 and lasted till 1978.
• India adopted a new strategy in agriculture, which resulted in the 'Green Revolution', especially in the production of wheat and rice.
• Indira Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India, officially recorded the impressive strides of the Green Revolution in agriculture by releasing a special stamp entitled 'Wheat Revolution' in July 1968.
• The success of wheat was later replicated in rice.

Thus, to signify the achievements of the Green Revolution, a stamp was released by the then Prime Minister Mrs. Indira Gandhi entitled as ‘Wheat Revolution’ in July 1968.

The correct answer is horticulture.Key Points

• The Golden Revolution in the Indian agricultural sector is related to horticulture.
• The Golden Revolution is related to Horticulture and Honey.
• It started in 1991 and lasted till 2003.
• Father of Golden Revolution: Nirpakh Tutaj.

Additional Information

​The correct answer is Truck farming.

Key Points

• The farmers specialize in vegetables only, this type of farming is known as Truck farming.
• In the regions where farmers specialize in vegetables only, the farming is known as Truck farming, and the distance of truck farms from the market is governed by the distance that a truck can cover overnight, hence the name truck farming.
• Vegetable farms are in some regions known as truck farms: "truck" is a noun for which its more common meaning overshadows its historically separate use as a term for "vegetables are grown for the market".
• The production of crops of some vegetables on an extensive scale in regions especially suited to their culture primarily for shipment to distant markets known as Truck farming.
• The major truck-farming areas are in California, Texas, Florida, along the Atlantic Coastal Plain, and in the Great Lakes area.
• Centres for specific crops vary with the season. Among the most important truck crops are tomatoes, lettuce, melons, beets, broccoli, celery, radishes, onions, cabbage, and strawberries.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 65%

Key Points

• The expected returns to farmers by way of MSP (Minimum Support Price) over their cost of production for barley for marketing season 2021–22 is estimated at 65%.
• Minimum Support Price:
  • Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to insure agricultural producers against any sharp fall in farm prices.
  • The minimum support prices are announced by the Government of India at the beginning of the sowing season for certain crops.
  • The MSP is decided on the basis of the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP).
  • Government announces minimum support prices (MSPs) for 22 mandated crops and fair and remunerative prices (FRP) for sugarcane.
  • The list of crops is as follows:
    • Cereals (7) - paddy, wheat, barley, jowar, bajra, maize, and ragi.
    • Pulses (5) - gram, arhar/tur, moong, urad, and lentil.
    • Oilseeds (8) - groundnut, rapeseed/mustard, toria, soybean, sunflower seed, sesamum, safflower seed, and nigerseed.
    • Raw cotton.
    • Raw jute.
  • MSP guaranteed prices to save farmers from distress sales.
  • The MSP is announced at the beginning of the sowing season for certain crops on the basis of the recommendation of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP, 1985).
  • The MSPs are fixed for the following purposes:
  • To invest more by farmers in the farm sector.
  • To motivate farmers to adopt improved farm technologies.
  • To increase production and overall farmers' income.

The correct answer is Meghalaya.

Key Points

• Bamboo drip irrigation system a very old practice seen in Indian state Meghalaya
  • Bamboo drip irrigation system is a 200-year-old system in Meghalaya.
  • It is a system of tapping stream and spring water by using bamboo pipes.
  • In a bamboo drip irrigation system bout 18-20 litres of water enters the bamboo pipe system, gets transported over hundreds of metres, and finally reduces to 20-80 drops per minute at the site of the plant.
• The word Meghalaya means "adobe of clouds.
• The longest natural cave in India 'Krem Liat Prah' is in Meghalaya.
• Khasi, Garo, Jaintia hills are situated in Meghalaya.
• Rajiv Gandhi Indian Institute of Management is situated in Meghalaya.

The Correct Answer is Intensive subsistence farming.

 Key Points

• In intensive subsistence farming, the farmer cultivates a small plot of land using simple tools and more labour.
• Intensive subsistence agriculture is prevalent in the thickly populated areas of the monsoon regions of the south, southeast, and east Asia.

 Important Points

Commercial Farming

• In commercial farming, crops are grown and animals are reared for sale in the market.
• The area cultivated and the amount of capital used is large. Most of the work is done by machines.
• Commercial farming includes commercial grain farming, mixed farming, and plantation agriculture.

Primitive subsistence farming

• Primitive subsistence agriculture includes shifting cultivation and nomadic herding.

Extensive subsistence agriculture

• Extensive subsistence agriculture is farming in thinly populated areas.
• The vast expanse of land is cultivated to yield minimal output of crops and animals for the primary consumption of the grower's family.

The correct option is 3 i.e. Agriculture.

• Agriculture, Mining, Fishing, Forestry, and Dairy are some examples of the primary sector of the Indian economy. 
• These are called so because it forms the base for all other products.
• Manufacturing, Gas, Electricity, Construction, and Water supply are some secondary sectors
• It contributes around 29.6 % of the Indian GDP.
• Goods transported by trucks or trains, banking, insurance, and finance come under the tertiary sector.